The natural environment conditions experienced in the past are of great importance in paleogeographic and geoarchaeological researches. Diverse approaches (e.g. methods, technics) are applied in these researches, that currently examine Holocene climatic conditions and their relationships with human, climatic, geomorphological, hydrographic, soil and vegetation conditions. Studies of stalagmites, a type of secondary carbonate formed in limestone caves (speleothems), contribute to these approaches. Stalagmites are increasingly important geological archives for paleoclimate research. They present advantages such as a wide spatial distribution, a suitability for various dating methods, the presence of several climate proxies, the capacity of recording long intervals, a record continuity (including discontinuity, that expresses humidity decrease or drought). In addition, sampling cost is low, comparably to some other approaches. Methods of study of stalagmite samples comprise uranium-series aging, stable isotope analyses of oxygen and carbon, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thin section analyzes. Dating, compared to laminae thicknesses and stratigraphic characteristics, allow calculating annual growth rates of the laminae. In addition, the number of light and dark coloured laminae calcite, provide together with spectral analyzes, important data on climatic conditions over the terrain above the cave system, such as: surface temperatures, high-frequency changes in solar activity, climate cycles and seasonal variation of soil CO2. The case study presented here aims mainly at evidencing climatic changes since the Last Glacial, their relationships with paleogeographic evolution, as well as on human life and civilizations on the regional scale. For this purpose, we identified two caves in the orogenic belt at the southern skirts of the Southeast Taurus Mountains in the north of the Diyarbakır basin: the Bozoba cave (Kulbeyn, in the Dicle district), and the Birkleyn cave (in the vicinity of Lice). The limestone massif were the caves formed, is the birth place of the Dibni Stream, one of the northern branches of the Tigris river. Our talk will expose our initial findings (especially the evaluation of time periods concerned), and a discussion about analyses projected and results expected.